[Military manuscript collection]. 1781-1945.

De Russy, René Edward, 1790-1865

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Edward De Russy was born into a family of ethnic French planters in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (now Haiti) on February 22, 1789. Two years later, soon after the birth of his younger brother Lewis, the De Russy family fled the violence of the slave revolution and settled in Old Point Comfort, Virginia. At the age of 18, De Russy enrolled in the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York on March 20, 1807; he graduated on June 10, 1812, at the bottom of his class. After...

Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893

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P.G.T. Beauregard was a Confederate States Army general from New Orleans, Louisiana. The Aztec Club was organized in 1847 as a fraternal society for officers serving under General Winfield Scott's command in Mexico City. Several officers later became major Civil War leaders. From the description of Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard letter, 1892 Dec. 29. (Louisiana State University). WorldCat record id: 70294149 Former Confederate general and resident of New Orleans. At the t...

Adams, John Quincy, 1767-1848

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John Quincy Adams (b. July 11, 1767, Braintree, Massachusetts-d. February 23, 1848, Washington, D.C.) was an American statesman who served as a diplomat, United States Senator, member of the House of Representatives, and the sixth President of the United States. He was a member of the Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, and later the Anti-Masonic and Whig parties. He was the son of President John Adams and Abigail Adams. As a diplomat, Adams played an important role in neg...

Sheridan, Philip Henry, 1831-1888

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Sheridan claimed he was born in Albany in the State of New York, the third child of six of John and Mary Meenagh Sheridan, Irish Catholic immigrants from the parish of Killinkere in County Cavan, Ireland. He grew up in Somerset, Ohio. Fully grown, he reached only 165 cm (5 feet 5 inches) tall, a stature that led to the nickname, "Little Phil." Abraham Lincoln described his appearance in a famous anecdote: "A brown, chunky little chap, with a long body, short legs, not enough neck to hang him, an...

Frémont, John Charles, 1813-1890

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John Charles Frémont (January 21, 1813 – July 13, 1890) was an American explorer, military officer, and politician. He was a US Senator from California, and in 1856 was the first Republican nominee for President of the United States. A native of Georgia, Frémont acquired male protectors after his father's death, and became proficient in mathematics, science, and surveying. During the 1840s, he led five expeditions into the Western United States and became known as "The Pathfinder". During the...

Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891

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Sherman was born in 1820 in Lancaster, Ohio, near the banks of the Hocking River. His father, Charles Robert Sherman, a successful lawyer who sat on the Ohio Supreme Court, died unexpectedly in 1829. He left his widow, Mary Hoyt Sherman, with eleven children and no inheritance. After his father's death, the nine-year-old Sherman was raised by a Lancaster neighbor and family friend, attorney Thomas Ewing, Sr., a prominent member of the Whig Party who served as senator from Ohio and as the first S...

Wagstaff, David, 1910-

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Totten, Joseph Gilbert, 1788-1864

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Army officer and engineer. From the description of Joseph Gilbert Totten correspondence, 1841 February 5. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 70980636 ...

Lee, Robert Edward, 1807-1870

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Robert Edward Lee (1807-1870) served as General of the Confederate Army in the U.S. Civil War and was president of Washington College in Lexington, Virginia from 1865 to 1870. Lee spent the first twenty-three years of his military career in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. From 1837 to 1841 he was superintending engineer for the harbor of St. Louis and the upper Mississippi and Missouri rivers. Robert E. Lee was a United States Army officer, 1829-1861; commander of Virginia forces in the ...

Johnston, Albert Sidney, 1803-1862

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Native of Kentucky; educated privately and at Transylvania University; graduate of West Point; served in the Black Hawk War; commanded the Army of Texas during the late 1830's; served in the Mexican War with the 1st Texas Rifle Volunteers; commissioned paymaster in the United States Army and later commanded the Department of Texas; resigned to join the Confederate Army in 1861 and commanded the Western Department from 1861 through the Battle of Shiloh, April 1862, where he was mortally wounded. ...

Custer, George Armstrong, 1839-1876

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Custer's paternal ancestors, Paulus and Gertrude Küster, came to the North American English colonies around 1693 from the Rhineland in Germany, probably among thousands of Palatines whose passage was arranged by the English government to gain settlers in New York and Pennsylvania. According to family letters, Custer was named after George Armstrong, a minister, in his devout mother's hope that her son might join the clergy. Custer was born in New Rumley, Ohio, to Emanuel Henry Custer (1806...

Lee, William H. Fitzhugh.

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United States. Army

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The United States Army is the largest branch of the United States Armed Forces and performs land-based military operations. It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution, Article 2, Section 2, Clause 1 and United States Code, Title 10, Subtitle B, Chapter 301, Section 3001. As the largest and senior branch of the U.S. military, the modern U.S. Army has its roots in the Continental Army, which wa...

Buffalo Bill, 1846-1917

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Buffalo Bill was employed as a scout by the United States 5th Cavalry, 1868-1872. In 1869 he participated in the Battle of Summit Springs, Colorado, in which the 5th Cavalry defeated Cheyenne Indians. From the description of Letter : Saint Louis, Missouri, to Joseph Witherspoon Cook, Greenwood, South Dakota, 1896 May 23. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 702162229 From the description of Letter : Saint Louis, Mo., to Joseph Witherspoon Cook, Greenwood, S.D., 1896 May 23. (Unkno...

Wagstaff, Alfred, fl. 1863-1865.

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Heintzelman, Samuel Peter, 1805-1880

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Heintzelman was born in Manheim, Pennsylvania, to Peter and Ann Elizabeth Grubb Heintzelman. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1826 and was commissioned a brevet second lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. Infantry, July 1, 1826, then in the 2nd U.S. Infantry and served on the Northern frontier at Fort Gratiot, Fort Mackinac, and Fort Brady. On March 4, 1833, he was promoted to first lieutenant and served on quartermaster's duty in Florida during the Second Seminole War. On July 7, 1...

Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901

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Benjamin Harrison (1833-1901) was a Republican politician who served as the 23rd President of the United States from 1889 to 1893. He was both preceded and succeeded in office by Democrat Grover Cleveland. From the guide to the Benjamin Harrison letter to George C. Baker, 1888, (Brooklyn Historical Society) John Harrington Farley, born in Cleveland in 1845, was a Democratic politician who served three terms on Cleveland's city council (1871-1877) and two terms as its mayor (...

Kearney, Phillip, 1814-1862.

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Church, Albert E. (Albert Ensign), 1807-1878

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Cullum, George Washington, 1809-1892

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Cullum was born in New York City on 25 February 1809, to Arthur and Harriet Sturges Cullum. He was raised in Meadville, Pennsylvania. His father worked as a lawyer and an agent of a land company. Cullum attended the United States Military Academy, from 1 July 1829 to 1 July 1833, when he graduated third in the Class of 1833. He designed the Independent Congregational Church at Meadville and it was built in 1835–1836. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Cullum ...

Thayer, Sylvanus, 1785-1872

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Sylvanus Thayer was a United States (U.S.) Army officer who was appointed the superintendent of U.S. Military Academy from July 27,1817-July 1, 1833. After that he was assigned engineer duties in Boston, Massachusetts. From the description of The Sylvanus Thayer papers, 1808-1862. (US Army, Mil Hist Institute). WorldCat record id: 47646716 Sylvanus Thayer was commissioned 2nd lieutenant in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1808, served as superintendent of the U.S. Militar...

Mosley, John Singleton, 1833-1916.

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Swift, J. G. (Joseph Gardner), 1783-1865

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Joseph Gardner Swift (1783-1865) was a civil engineer and officer in the U.S. Army. He was one of two students of the first graduating class in 1802 of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. By the age of twenty-eight he was a colonel and Chief Engineer of the Army. His projects included the completion of Fort Clinton (New York City) and during the War of 1812 the fortifications of western Long Island harbors and New York City. He resigned his commission in 1818 and served as Surveyor of the P...

Beauman, Sebastian, 1739-1803.

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Buell, Don Carlos, 1818-1878.

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United States Military Academy

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West Point, N.Y., was originally utilized as a strategic defense location during the American Revolution. West Point is geographically located on a 100 ft. plateau overlooking the Hudson River. After the American victory Congress created a Corps of Invalids (veterans) that were transferred to West Point for the purpose of instructing candidates for commission. In 1802 Congress legally established the United States Military Academy at West Point. The Academy produced many leaders of American forc...